The information on this website is general and does not replace an individual consultation, diagnosis or medical recommendation.
Symptoms it may include
Dryness, burning, itching, irritation, reduced lubrication, pain during sex, discomfort with urination, urgency and recurrent urinary problems may be part of GSM. Not every woman has the same group or severity of symptoms.
Assessment rules out other causes
Infections, vulval skin conditions, lesions, pelvic-floor dysfunction and other problems can produce similar symptoms. History and examination help decide whether changes are compatible with GSM or need another investigation.
Options with different levels of evidence
Depending on symptoms and history, moisturisers, lubricants, prescribed local treatments and other options may be considered. A history of hormone-dependent cancer or specific treatment requires coordinated individual decision-making.
Recent guidelines remain cautious about energy-based devices: laser should not be presented as a universal cure or an automatic substitute for established treatment.
Follow-up matters
Response, tolerance and new symptoms are reviewed. Postmenopausal bleeding always requires assessment and should not simply be attributed to dryness or atrophy.
